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P. B. Khadi ¹, Vineeta Kumari ¹, M. V. Mokashi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human, Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad(Karnataka), IN

Abstract

A correlation design used to know the parental involvement in promoting social skills of 53 mentally challenged children from 3 special schools of Hubli and Dharwad city during the year 2008-09. BASIC-MR by Peshawaria and Venkatesan (1992) was administered to assess the social skills of children. Parental involvement was assessed by using self-structured tool. Results revealed that majority of the children (37.73%) had acquired moderate level of social skills followed by 32.08 and 30.19 per cent children who fell under high and low category, respectively. Majority of parents (71.70%) fell in low involvement in developing the skills among children while none of the parents were in high level. Results also illustrated low involvement of parents regarding specific social skills, viz., acquisition of social tasks such as showing sympathy for others, when they are sad (3.8%), apologizing if he or she hurts the feelings of others (7.5%), greeting other children (9.4%) etc. None of the parents were involved in promoting communication tasks. Parents were highly involved in enhancing social activities like responding appropriately when introduced to others (17%) and in community use items viz., recognizing and naming buildings (26.4%), carefully crossing the road (18.9%), making small purchases (17%) etc. Child's age, degree of disability, associated disability, age at admission to special schools and degree of constraint had significant influence on the parental involvement. A significant positive relation between parental involvement and social skills of children indicated that parental involvement was higher in children with higher skills. It may be due to the reciprocity in interactions with more parental involvement, children respond more or vice-versa. Parents gain confidence in promoting social skills in children who are mildly mentally challenged than those who are moderately challenged. This implies the need for parental programmes to empower and enhance their involvement in acquisition of social skills.

Keywords

Parental Involvement, Mentally Challenged Children, Social Skills.

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P. B. Khadi ¹, T. V. Yamuna ¹, Y. Kalliguddi ¹, J. Khateeb ¹, H. S. Surendra ¹, P. Manjula ¹

Affiliations
1 Child Development Division, Rural Home Science College, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, IN

Abstract

Several studies carried out in the country have pinpointed the prevalence of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM). In children during their first five years of life especially among the poor, backward communities and in rural areas. These being cross-sectional studies, have not looked into the dynamics of nutritional status of female and male children from birth to age five in terms of spontaneous recovery from various levels of PEM or deterioration to various degrees of PEM during this vulnerable period. These can be assessed by longitudinal studies.

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K. M. Sangma ¹, P. B. Khadi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Resilience is the capacity to bounce back from adversity. Protective factors increase resilience, whereas risk factors increase vulnerability. The present study examined socio-economic status effect on resiliency and vulnerability of children in late childhood. The sample consisted of 310 children i.e., 145 from Dharwad, Karnataka and 165 from Tura, Meghalaya regions. The samples were drawn by sociometric technique. Child's resiliency was assessed by using Embury's (2006) scale, whereas socio-economic status was measured by using socio-economic status scale by Aggarwal et al. (2005). Results revealed positive significant correlation between resiliency and socio-economic status. Further, children from low socioeconomic status were found to be vulnerable than high and medium level of socio-economic status children.

Keywords

Resilience, Vulnerability, Socio-Economic Status.

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Jakkaraddi Arati ¹, V. S. Yadav ², P. B. Khadi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Human Development, Rural Home Science College, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The study was conducted to know the association and comparison between SSLC and PUC students on emotional health dimensions. The sample comprised of 300 emerging adults in the age range of 15 to 18 years. An ex-post-facto exploratory research design was used to analyse the results. The Place and duration of study was Department of Human Development and Family Studies, college of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, between 2009 to 2011. The Emotional Health Scale (EHS) by Angadi (2011) (1) and general information form was used for collecting data. The data was subjected to chi-square analysis. The results revealed that there was a highly significant association between SSLC and PUC students on Emotional Health and its dimensions. The results also revealed that SSLC, PUC I and PUC II students were low on self-awareness, emotional management and self-confidence dimensions whereas, PUC II students were low on self-confidence, self-esteem dimensions and emotional health. The students of SSLC, PUC-I, PUC-II, had developed low level of self-awareness, emotional management, self-confidence, self-esteem and emotional health. The students who are undergoing board exams of SSLC and PUC should be provided with proper guidance w.r.t emotional health which caters to the positive development of the individuals. Also, parents and teachers should monitor students for any deviations in the behaviour of the students and counsel them. Policies should be formulated to create awareness regarding emotional health, its importance and role in building the personality of the students.

Keywords

Emotional Health, SSLC, PUC.

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Jakkaraddi Arati ¹, V. S. Yadav ², P. B. Khadi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, IN
3 Department of Human Development, Rural Home Science College, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, IN

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the relationship between emotional health dimensions and demographic characteristics of parents like parent's occupation, type of family, schooling, and type of stay (with parents/hostel). The sample comprised of 951 emerging adults in the age range of 16 to 22 years. An ex-post-facto exploratory research design was used in the study. The place of the study was Department of Human Development and Family Studies, college of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, between 2009 to 2011. Instruments used were: The Emotional Health Scale (EHS) by Angadi (2011) (1) and general information form was used for collecting data. The data was subjected to correlation analysis. The results revealed that there was a significant negative relationship between mother's occupation and overall emotional health of male emerging adults. Also there was a significant negative relationship between schooling, mother's occupation and stay of female emerging adults and overall emotional health. Mother's occupation has a definite and significant influence on emerging adults emotional health. There is a felt need of balancing work-life quality time for positive outcome of emerging adult's emotional health.

Keywords

Emotional Health, Emerging Adults, Parent's Demographic Characteristics.

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P. G. Holeyannavar ¹, P. B. Khadi ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-KVK, Chintamani, Chikkaballapura (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, DHARWAD (KARNATAKA), IN

Abstract

An ex-post-facto design on “Interrelationship between familial characteristics and marital satisfaction of University teachers in Northern Karnataka-A Gender analysis” was carried out on a sample of 150 University teachers drawn from three cities of Northern Karnataka. Teachers offering UG/PG courses in agriculture/science faculty belonging to Assistant professor to Professor and above cadre were randomly selected. Familial characteristics included family environment, family involvement and social support of University teachers assessed using family environment scale developed by Bhatia and Chadha (1993), family involvement scale by Misra et al. (1990) and social support questionnaire by Sarason et al. (1983). Marital satisfaction was assessed using questionnaire developed by Haynes et al. (1992). Results revealed that more than half of State Agricultural University (67.0%) and Non- State Agricultural University (67.3%) teachers had high level of family environment and none of them fell in low level. The family environment of both SAU and Non-SAU teachers differed significantly by gender, indicating that females had better family environment compared to male teachers. Most of the SAU (84.5%) and Non-SAU (85.5%) teachers revealed high level of family involvement and none were in low level. With regard to social support, teachers of SAU (73.8%) and Non-SAU (70.0%) received high social support but none were in low level. High level of marital satisfaction was observed in most of the SAU (83.8%) and Non-SAU (94.1%) teachers and the rest were in average levels. Statistical analysis through ANOVA indicated that there were no main and interactionary effects of university, gender and cadre on marital satisfaction. Positive and significant correlation was observed between family environment and family involvement with marital satisfaction of SAU and Non-SAU teachers. This indicated that the more conducive the family environment the higher the marital satisfaction of both the groups of teachers and vice versa.

Keywords

Family Environment, Involvement, Social Support, Marital Satisfaction.

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Arati Jakkaraddi ¹, V. S. Yadav ¹, P. B. Khadi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department o f Human Development and Family Studies, College o f Community Seience University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The study aims to assess the level of stress among dual-earner couples. The sample was selected trom both public and private sectors using the snow-ball technique trom Dharwad city. The sample comprised of 155 dual-earner couples. An ex-post- facto exploratory research design. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, between 2007 to 2008. Personal information schedule and Stress questionnaire developed by Bhagwatvar (2000) was used for data collection. The data was subjected to trequency, percentage and correlation analysis. The results revealed that dualearner couples were having high stress per se, husbands were experiencing high stress and wives were experiencing low and medium stress. Correlation analysis between the type of occupation, number of working hours and dualearner couples revealed a significant negative relationship with stress levels.

Keywords

Dual-Earner Couples, Stress, Type of Occupation, Number of Working Hours.

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B. E. Ramitha ¹, P. B. Khadi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

To examine the individual and contextual characteristics impacting the quality of child care environment of young children and its influence on language development, a sample of 112 infants and toddlers of 6 to 36 months and their caregivers were drawn from urban and rural areas of Dharwad district. Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale (ITERS) was used to rate home environment as well as Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) centers and Bayley-III (2006) was used to assess language development of young children. The observations of caregiver and child's interaction, quality of environment provided was observed in child's homes and day care centers. The findings revealed that almost half of infants who were reared in urban homes had average quality (53.33%) of home environment while 30 per cent had high quality, but 16.66 per cent parents had low quality. The young children below three years who were sent to day care centers in urban locality were in centers with average quality (45.45%) of environment and almost equal proportion (27.27 %) were in low and high quality centers. Most of the young children in rural homes had low quality home environment (46.66 %) while 43.33 per cent had average quality and only 10 per cent had high child care quality. The regression analyses revealed that quality of home (R2 = 0.45) and day care environment (R2 = 0.48) predicted child's language development of young children. Higher quality of home/center environment predicted better social skills and lower quality lead to lower social and emotional skills of young children. Gender, child's age at entry into center, caregiver's temperament, sensitivity and education had a mediating role on language development of infants. Thus there is a need to invest in high quality child care environment in both home and center. So, parents/caregivers need to be educated to enhance the quality of environment.

Keywords

Child Care Quality, Language Development, Home Environment, Center Environment.

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